a barrister for over 20 years, working in the field of animal. Millions of animals are killed per year due to animal testing, so is this practice worth banning? (Sect. The Animal Welfare Act (AWA) requires wholesale breeders and dealers who supply animalsto pet stores, brokers, or research facilities to be licensed with USDA. The idea of difference is a human conception for mans own advantage Do you agree or disagree? The Animal Welfare Act (AWA) was signed into law on August 24, 1966. (e) Carriers and intermediate handlers must not accept a nonhuman primate for transport in commerce unless their animal holding area facilities meet the minimum temperature requirements provided in sections 3.91 and 3.92, or unless the consignor provides them with a certificate signed by a veterinarian and dated no more than 10 days before delivery to the carrier or intermediate handler, certifying that the animal is acclimated to temperatures lower than those that are required in sections 3.91 and 3.92.A copy of the certification must accompany the nonhuman primate to its destination and must include the information set forth in section 3.86 (e)(1)-(5) for each primary enclosure. katie_barnes69. Humane animal farming is better for everyone. (Sect.2.132 (e)(2)). Cattle live healthier, happier and more active lives. (Sect. Application is to be made on a form furnished by the AC Regional Director and is to be filed with the AC Regional Director in the state in which that person operates or intends to operate. Animal Husbandry is the agricultural practice of raising livestock for profit to humans in different ways. (Sect. These requirements are found in Title 9 CFR, Chapter 1, Subchapter A - Animal Welfare, Parts 1, 2, and 3. Freedom from Pain, Injury or Disease - by prevention or rapid diagnosis and treatment. (3.86 (b)). Secure .gov websites use HTTPS (Sect.3.86 (e)). (Sect. (1) "The other person agrees in writing to comply with the regulations in part 2 and the standards in part 3 of this subchapter and allow inspection of his premises by an APHIS official during business hours; and" (Sect.2.102 (a)(1)). Increased economic output: Greater trade increased economic output. The advantages are that you have a boss that looks after you and takes care of the problems and issues in everyday. Animal welfare science has developed rapidly and increased in precision and methods over the last few decades. They were starved to death just weeks after the racing season was over (Kitzmiller). A copy of such certificate shall accompany the shipment to destination. "Animal"is generally defined as any warm-blooded animal used for research, teaching, testing, experimentation, or exhibition purposes, or as a pet. 3.113 (g)). Animal cruelty legislation prohibits the most extreme, deliberate or willful forms of mistreatment of animals, imposing criminal sanctions for certain acts that constitute "cruelty to animals". Section 1 defines an "animal" as a vertebrate (other than a human) from the sub-phylum vertebrata of the phylum chordata. Instructions must be in compliance with section 3.89. Save animal lives Testing and experiments done on animals are not always reliable in certain situations. (Sect. (Sect.2.133 (e)). Our common objective when it comes to welfare is for a British racing industry with agreed, transparent, world-leading standards of equine care for the whole life of our horses; a commitment to innovate and make ongoing, measurable improvements based on clear evidence; delivered through a coherent, proactive strategy with the full engagement of A necropsy report must be prepared by the veterinarian listing all pathologic lesions observed and giving the apparent cause of death. After all, humans and certain species are extremely different, resulting in tests that are inconclusive. (a) (1) Each dealer and exhibitor, except auction sales and brokers, shall make and maintain records or forms that correctly disclose the information required in section 2.75 (a) for each dog or cat acquired, held, transported, or disposed of. The certification must include the requirements set forth in section 3.86 (c)(1)-(4). Simply put, animal rights take away some human rights. Extent of the Zoo Licensing Act 2.1 Section 1 makes clear that all zoos that are open to the public, with or without charge on seven or more days in a twelve-month period need a licence from their local authority to operate. The corresponding Act for Scotland is the Animal Health and Welfare (Scotland) Act 2006. (b) Any dealer, research facility or exhibitor offering any dog or cat to a carrier or intermediate handler for transportation must securely attach to the outside of the primary enclosure used for transporting the dog or cat, written instructions for the in-transit food and water requirements for a 24 hour period for the dogs and cats contained in the enclosure. (Sect. (d)(3)). Candidates for experimental tests require special food, shelter and care that dont come cheap. Farmers can reduce their production costs since they don't have to spend a lot of money on chemicals and fertilizers. There must also be a focus on the potential for good. Save Paper 2 Page 256 Words (b) Unless otherwise specified, the records required to be kept and maintained under this part shall be held for one year after an animal is euthanized or disposed of and for any period in excess of one year as necessary to comply with any applicable Federal, State, or local law. Should animals be treated like humans, then? Subjects . Written contingency plans must be submitted to and approved by the AC Deputy Administrator regarding emergency sources of water and electric power in the event of failure of the primary sources, when such failure could reasonably be expected to be detrimental to the good health and well-being of the marine mammal housed therein." (Sect. Pose problems with food consumption Animal meat provides a different source of protein, vitamins and minerals, something that opponents of animal rights claim that will not be found on any vegetable or fruit. So, there really is no need to use animals for testing or hurt them in the process. 3.35 (c)). 1. (b) Any carrier or intermediate handler shall only accept for transportation or transport, in commerce, any marine mammal in a primary enclosure which conforms to the requirements set forth in section 3.113 of the standards:Provided, however,That any carrier or intermediate handler may accept for transport, in commerce, any marine mammal . if the consignor furnishes to the carrier or intermediate handler a certificate, signed by the consignor, stating that the primary enclosure complies with section 3.113 of the standards, unless such primary enclosure is obviously defective or damaged and it is apparent that it cannot reasonably be expected to contain the marine mammal without causing suffering or injury to such marine mammal. Out of all of the acquired publications, only 59% of them proclaimed their studys goal, the amount of animals that they used, and important traits of their test subjects. (a) ". Consignors who are subject to Animal Welfare regulations (9 CFR parts 1, 2 and 3) must certify that each nonhuman primate was offered food and potable water within the 4 hours preceding delivery of the nonhuman primate to a carrier or intermediate handler for transportation in commerce, and must certify the date and time the food and potable water was offered, in accordance section 3.86 (c) of this subpart." Section 2.5 Duration of license and termination of license. (Sect. Any person subject to the Animal Welfare regulations (9 CFR parts 1, 2 and 3) must not transport or deliver for transport in commerce a dog or cat unless the following requirements are met: (a) (6) The primary enclosure is to be clearly marked on top and on one or more sides with the words "Live Animals", in letters at least 1 inch high, and with arrows or other markings to indicate the correct upright position. Subpart D - Attending Veterinarian and Adequate Veterinary Care. (Sect. [ 1] [ 2] [ 3] 2. Intensive farming is less ethical than free range farming due to poorer animal welfare. (2) All premises, facilities, or sites where such person operates or keeps animals are to be indicated on the application form, or on a separate sheet attached to it. Preventing animals suffering This means enforcement agencies and our inspectors can now act by advising and educating owners before their pets suffer. In a first of its kind, the Government has today published an action plan for animal welfare that will revolutionise the treatment of animals in the UK and . Section numbers are provided for reference. 3.60 (b)). There are countless other types of exploitation including: intentional torture, organized abuse, neglect, sexual abuse, experimentation, puppy mills, greyhound, The Animal Bill of Rights is a petition sponsored by the Animal Legal Defense Fund that protects animals from unnecessary suffering caused by humans. What is even worse is that when an animal dies, the ecosystem will be damaged and human beings will pay for the price. Social grouping is one of the most significant psychological factors in the lives of. Section 2.40 Attending veterinarian and adequate veterinary care, dealers and exhibitors. Unless the basis for exemption is a permanent condition, the exemption must be reviewed at least every 30 days by the attending veterinarian." Owners and keepers have a duty of care to their animals and must make sure they meet their needs: Due to events like these, people all over the world are wondering if the use of animals for entertainment includes the awful act of animal cruelty. (Sect. vehicles.For purposes of this Act, animal welfare pertains to the physical and psychological well-being of animals. (Sect.2.126 (a)(2)). The concept of animal rights is based on the idea that some or all non-human animals have a right to live their own lives and to be viewed as persons rather than property. 3.81 (e)). Section 2.31 (c)(6) and (7) requires the IACUC to review and approve, or make modifications to, proposed and ongoing activities related to the care and use of animals as specified in section 2.31(d). 3.13 (c)). The instructions must be attached in a manner that makes them easily noticed and read. Section 2.133 Certification for random source dogs and cats. The 2011 Act is very similar in format and content to the Animal Welfare Act 2006 of England and Wales. (1) Each research facility, other than a Federal research facility, shall register with the Secretary by completing and filing a properly executed form, which will be furnished upon request, by the AC Regional Director for the State in which the research facility has its principal place of business, and shall be updated every 3 years by the completion and filing of a new registration form. Ethical concerns. (a) Every auction sale or broker shall make and maintain records or forms, as required by section 2.76, for each animal consigned or sold. 3.136 (c)). For example, the routine docking of dogs' tails is banned but working dogs are . Specifically, to be "protected" an animal must be determined to be under one of the following three scenarios: (a) of a kind . One copy of the record must accompany each animal shipment. No person subject to the Animal Welfare regulations shall offer for transportation or transport.any live rabbit in a primary enclosure that does not conform to the requirements in section 3.61. The Act also has an offense to remove the scent glands of skunks. The purpose of adopting these animals is to take benefit from them as a means of food or business. In a prosecution for an offence against section 12 committed after the commencement of this subsection, evidence that a relevant code of welfare was in existence at the time of the alleged offence and that a relevant minimum standard established by that code was not complied with is rebuttable evidence that the person charged with the offence failed to comply with, or contravened, the . (Sect. A mechanism of direct and frequent communication is also required so that timely and accurate information on problems of animal health, behavior, and well-being is conveyed to the attending veterinarian. (e) Carriers and intermediate handlers must not accept a dog or cat for transport in commerce unless their animal holding area meets the minimum temperature requirements provided in sections 3.18 and 3.19 of this subpart, or unless the consignor provides them with a certificate signed by a veterinarian and dated no more than 10 days before delivery of the animal , certifying that the animal is acclimated to temperatures lower than those required in sections 3.18 and 3.19 of this subpart. A copy of the certification must accompany the dog or cat to its destination and must include the information required in section 3.13 (e)(1)-(4). 3. (a) Each dealer or exhibitor shall have an attending veterinarian who shall provide adequate veterinary care to its animals in compliance with this section. 1. [ 120] These animals live among humans and are providing a lot more benefits to them in every way. Blur the lines between human and animal rights If animals are viewed as humans, distinction between the two species will be blurred. Throughout its 25-year history, the Five Domains Model for animal welfare assessment has been regularly updated to include at each stage the latest authenticated developments in animal welfare science thinking. Philosophy. These groups claim animal testing to be inhumane. (Sect.2.76 (a)(1)-(8)). (c) Carriers or intermediate handlers whose facilities fail to meet the minimum temperatures allowed by the standards may accept.any live rabbit.if the consignor furnishes to the carrier or intermediate handler a certificate executed by a veterinarian.on a specified date which shall not be more than 10 days prior to delivery of such rabbit for transportation.stating that such live rabbit is acclimated to air temperatures lower than those prescribed in sections 3.65 and 3.66. let`s find out. The lack of this information leads anti-animal testing individuals and groups to discuss how the experiments animals are forced to suffer are more than often flawed and limited without, Rights are against the use of force and they are our primary if not only our means of survival. effect of the Act. Section 3.35 Consignment to carriers and intermediate handlers. The Animal Welfare Act (AWA) was signed into law on August 24,1966. They do not form part of the Act and have not been endorsed by Parliament. Animals are biologically similar to humans. The plan must be made available to APHIS upon request. Very much a product of the recommendations of the Scottish Law Commission, the statute directs courts to regard "the welfare of the child concerned as its paramount consideration".9 The original version of the Act said nothing further about welfare. Examples include release of birds of prey with foot inju-ries or beak injuries, release of mammals with fractures etc. With much of our diet coming from animal muscle protein, such a legal structure would change the entire agricultural community and potentially create many more food deserts throughout the world. The Act is divided into several topics. The quality of water and air were maintained with the existence of essential life forms. They can be burned, shocked, poisoned, isolated, starved, forcibly restrained, addicted to drugs, and brain-damaged. The process described is that of animal experimentation, the act of performing experiments on an animal that can deliberately cause the animal suffering and even death. The standards are applied through our higher welfare food labelling and farm assurance scheme, RSPCA Assured, as well as being used by a . Although comical, this scene may be quite accurate when describing the passion that animal lovers have when it comes to the touchy subject of animal testing. (5) To document, by the taking of photographs and other means, conditions and areas of noncompliance. 2.1et. ANIMAL L. 13, 25 (2006) ("The Animal Welfare Act's failure to cover the more than 9 billion farm animals slaughtered annually in the United States, and failure to cover ninety or ninety-five percent of animals used in research, makes it an exaggeration to say that the United States has a general animal welfare act."); Once a farmer is enrolled, animal welfare audits are conducted to ensure the certification program's standards are being met. SECTION 1. legislature pertaining to animal welfare in the UK. A practical approach to animal welfare law lays out the central. The certificate shall include the information set forth in section 3.112 (b)(1)-(4). The market of animal welfare will reached its optimal level due to policy implementation by the government. (a) Hamsters shall not be housed in outdoor facilities. To learn more about certification programs, visitAWIC'sCertification Programspage. Animals housed in the same primary enclosure must be compatible and not be housed near animals that interfere with their health or cause them discomfort. 3.14 (h)). 3.87 (g)). Simply stated, critics arguments that lab animals are protected by federal law is a manipulated version of the story: society's only efforts to protect animals are tepid attempts as we allow lab animals to be tortured without any compensation. A copy of such certificate shall accompany the shipment to destination. The Animal Welfare Act establishes requirements concerning the transportation, sale, and handling of certain animals and includes restrictions on the importation of dogs for purposes of resale, prohibitions on animal fighting ventures, and provisions intended to prevent the theft of personal pets. (Sect. Section 3.113 Primary enclosures used to transport marine mammals. Most of its points of legislation have been . Section 3.61 Primary enclosures used to transport live rabbits. 3.89 (b)). (Sect. Section 3.89 Food and water requirements. Section 2.76 Records: Operators of auction sales and brokers. This is not an example of the work written by professional essay writers. The Act places the legal burden on the actual person in charge and basically aims to protect the animals from us doing them harm or abusing them and this is what many owners are unaware of. The 2006 Act has introduced an important and new concept for pet owners and those responsible for domestic animals, e.g. (h) Documents accompanying the shipment shall be attached in an easily accessible manner to the outside of the primary enclosure. In the context of applications of genetic engineering in human life, misuse of this technology in the production of biological warfare or weapons is a very major disadvantage. Exposure of humans to risky substances or possibly hazardous materials will also be cut down, preventing diseases and other side effects. Transfer of animals by way of sale or prize to persons under 16 12. Intensive farming gives animals very limited space. Stunt research development Animal testing opens doors in research of new products and medication that will significantly speed up the development in the medicine field. It can also be used by anyone to understand what APHIS inspectors are observing during an inspection. List of the Advantages of Welfare 1. Reduce risk on human lives Because products and medications are first tested on animals, no human lives will be put in danger or lost. (c) Carriers and intermediate handlers whose facilities fail to meet the minimum temperature allowed by the standards may accept for transportation or transport, in commerce, any live animal . if the consignor furnishes to the carrier or intermediate handler a certificate executed by a veterinarian . on a specific date which shall not be more than 10 days prior to delivery of such animal for transportation in commerce, stating that such live animal is acclimated to air temperatures lower than those prescribed in sections 3.141 and 3.142. 89-54) to prevent pets from being stolen for sale to research laboratories, and to regulate the humane care and handling of dogs, cats, and other laboratory animals. The Disadvantages of a Zoo. The other people would say that the most efficient way goes against the animal's welfare. The certification must include the information required in section 3.13 (c)(1)-(4). Section numbers are provided for reference. (2021). (Sect.3.8). (Sect.2.80 (a)). (Sect. There are pros and cons for but the choices whether, to continue experiment on animals for new drugs before, Animal testing is defined as the use of non-human animals in research and development projects, especially for purposes of determining the safety of substances such as foods or drugs (Dictionary.com). Cons of Animal Testing. The management of the facility, at which the marine mammal died, must maintain these necropsy records for a period of 3 years and present them to Department inspectors when requested." (Sect. The plan, at a minimum, must comply with the conditions and requirements set forth in section 3.8 (a) (b) and (c). Home. Match. Section 2.132 Procurement of random source dogs and cats, dealers. The. This is an act that should be banned and prohibited in all states and countries, The study took a look at publicly paid for animal tests in the United States and the United Kingdom. Why is management sometimes slow to adopt new animal- friendly methods when there is a 2.133 (b)). Animal welfare has been a controversial subject in recent years. For animals in distress, there are no provisions in these Acts that specifically authorise a veterinary surgeon to . Section 3.16 Food and water requirements. Bible Commentary Bible Verses Devotionals Faith Prayers Coloring Pages Pros and Cons, List of 12 Key Pros and Cons of a Theocracy, 50 Biblically Accurate Facts About Angels in the Bible, 50 Most Profitable Youth Group Fundraising Ideas for Your Church, 250 Ice Breaker Questions for Teen Youth Groups, 25 Important Examples of Pride in the Bible, Why Jesus Wept and 11 Lessons from His Tears, 25 Different Ways to Worship God and Praise the Lord. The certificate is to include at least the information required in section 3.112 (c)(1)-(4). Instructions for administration of drugs, medication, and other special care must be attached to each primary enclosure in a manner that makes them easy to notice, to detach for examination, and to reattach securely. (g) Documents accompanying the shipment shall be attached in an easily accessible manner to the outside of the primary enclosure. A "protected . Visit AWIC's Animal Welfare Audit and Certification Programs page to learn more. (b) "Guinea pigs shall not be housed in outdoor facilities unless such facilities are located in an appropriate climate and prior approval for such outdoor housing is obtained from the Deputy Administrator." At the zoo, guests get to learn about various species of animals they wouldn't otherwise get to see up close in the wild. Government intervention shall decrease the social costs of livestock farming and increase the social benefit of animal welfare. 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